Dennis T. (Tim) Crowe, Jr., DVM, DACVS, DACVECC,
FCCM, NREMT-I, CRS, CFF*
Dr. Crowe has noted in his post-operative patients and in many dogs and cats with osteoarthritis that ionized water which contains free hydrogen and is very effective oxygen radical scavenger , when provided and consumed (which he provides free of charge), have less discomfort and become more mobile. Research has shown the ionized water (made from a water ionizer) is a very significant antioxidant. This video introduces this water.
Electrolyzed Water:
An Overview and Clinical Results
Of its Use in 6 Veterinary Practices
An Overview and Clinical Results
Of its Use in 6 Veterinary Practices
Dennis T. (Tim) Crowe, Jr., DVM, DACVS, DACVECC,
FCCM, NR-AEMT, CRS, GEMA-CFF*
Regional Institute of Veterinary Emergencies and Referrals, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
University of Georgia, Institute of Health Management and Mass Destruction Defense, Athens, GA, USA
Introduction
The electrolysis of water is a process in which electrical current passes through water. Single negatively charged free electrons are added to the water at the positive cathode (reduction) side of a semipermeable membrane and electrons are removed from the water at the negative anode (oxidization). The following reaction summarizes the chemical reactions that occur at the cathode: 4H2O2 + 4 e- ==> 2H2 (gas) + 4OH and at the anode: 2H2O ==> O2 (gas) + 4H+ + 4e- [1]. Water generated at the cathode is termed electrolyzed reduced water (ERW). This water is alkaline (basic) in pH and has a negative oxidative-reduction potential (-200 to -1200 mv). Water generated at the anode is termed electrolyzed oxidized water (EOW). This water is acidic and has a positive oxidation-reduction potential (+200 to +1200 mv). Water electrolysis units for home and industrial / medical use are commercially made and sold for the generation of both of these types of water. One such unit generates 9 levels of pH in the electrolyzed water (2.5, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 7.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, 11.5 pH) and is made with 7 x 5 inch platinum coated titanium electrodes (SD501 Enagic, Inc., Osaka, Japan). The company that manufactures this unit as well as others has made claims that the water produced has health benefits.
The commercial water electrolizer (also called an ionizer), used at RIVER and which is available to anyonea, first flows water through a high-grade carbon filter to remove trace organic and inorganic water contaminants. This filtered water then flows over a series of 7 platinum coated titanium plates (the platinum acting as a catalyst) in the presence of trace amounts of commonly present calcium, magnesium and sodium that provides ions necessary to allow approximately 230 watts of electrical power to pass through the water and produces structural changes in the water [1]. The unit sits on the counter and the water flows through it via a connection hose to the water supply. The water flowing out of the ionizer is divided into a alkaline water that comes from a hose that extends from the top of the unit and an acid water that flows out of a gray hose that extends from the bottom of the unit. Approximately 3 -4 liters of each type of water (ERW and EOW) flow from the ionizer each minute.
The electrolysis of the water using the platinum coated electrodes as previously described causes multiple structural changes in the water. These changes have been summarized by others [1, 2, 3] and are listed below:
1. The water’s oxygen and hydrogen molecular bonding becomes disrupted with the generation of hydrogen (H+) ions and hydroxyl (OH-) ions which are associated with a low pH (acid) water and a high pH (alkaline) water respectively;
2. Free electrons (negative hydrogen ions) are generated at the cathode. These are associated with platinum nano-particles and form "Active Hydrogen" which produces reduced water that has a very low oxidation - reduction potential (ORP) (from -200 to a -1200 mv);
3. The removal of free electrons from the water facilitated by platinum nano-particles with the generation of oxygen gas which literally transfers the water into oxidized water with a very high ORP (from +200 to + 1200 mv);
4. The nano-clustering of the water in which there is a reduction in nuclear magnetic - resonance and the generation of small clusters of water containing 6 molecules in each cluster. This hexagonal structure is very stable with a resultant hydrogen bond angle of approximately 118 degrees and facilitates water absorption through cell membranes. This is opposed to that seen in standard bulk, tap bottled, reverse osmosis or distilled water that have larger clusters containing 10 to 50 water molecules and a smaller hydrogen bond angle of approximately 108 degrees. The smaller sized clusters enhance the ability to hydrate tissues through its ingestion of the water. The smaller sized clusters (termed micro or nano clusters) also enhances the water’s ability to move into the dermis with topical application;
5. A restructuring of the water via the change of the vibrational frequency of the water molecule from approximately 128 Hz to approximately 42 Hz which is also one of the causes of the creation of smaller water clusters;
6. The generation of the fourth phase of water also termed liquid crystalline water or hydrogel those recent investigations by water researcher Dr. Gerald Pollack discovered b. This fourth phase of water is water has also been discovered in living animals by water researcher Dr. Mae-Wan Ho [4];
Scientific Studies
Various research studies have been published concerning the use of either alkaline electrolyzed reduced water as drinking water or the use of acidic electrolyzed oxidized water topically on wounds or as a disinfectant. This is a brief list of some of the results from such studies:
Clinical Study
In an open study involving pets at several veterinary hospitals including three emergency centers electrolyzed reduced water (alkaline) (pH 8.5 through 11.5) was given to the pets for drinking. Electrolyzed oxidized water (pH 2.5) was used for topical application on contaminated or infected wounds and burns; in the oral cavity; in ear canals; on table-top surfaces, floors and on various tubes and other surgery equipment. All pets were first introduced to the water either while an inpatient or as an outpatient, with the water being sent home with owners.
There were approximately 100 dogs and 30 cats where the alkaline water for oral consumption in which enough follow-up information was noted to be able comment on the results of placing the pets on the water. It is estimated that there were a total of over 300 pets that received the alkaline water for drinking. It was noted consistently that when the pets were given a choice between the hospitals' tap (municipally supplied) water or freshly made (generated by the ionizer but still using the same water source) alkaline water that they all chose to drink the alkaline water if they did drink. In some cases, documented by video, the dogs would literally "turn their noses away" from the tap water and then seek the alkaline water that had been generated by the water ionizer. Owners commented frequently that their dog or cat appeared to prefer the water compared to the previously offered and consumed tap water. When offered a range of pH, 8.5, 9.0, and 9.5 the pets each appeared to prefer one of the three. 8.5 pH water was generally provided as the initial type that was provided based on previous observations made by another veterinarian [2]. When he was initially giving the dogs alkaline water to his own personal dogs, 8.5 pH was well tolerated. However when 9.0 water was given initially this would result in the production of soft stool. When beginning with 9.5 pH water some developed diarrhea. Therefore 8.5 pH water was generally the pH strength initially used. However there were exceptions: In selected cases 9.5 pH water was initially used and 11.5 pH water was also sent home to be given by the owner in small amounts (15 - 30 ml per Kg body weight per day. These "selected cases" were those that had been diagnosed with a malignant neoplastic condition or had a significant inflammatory skin, bowel, bladder, respiratory or musculoskeletal condition. The reason for this, as recommended by another health care professionals d, was to provide an increased amount of free hydrogen based electrons being absorbed and eventually "donated" to neutralize peroxide radicals known to be in increased amounts in inflammatory and neoplastic conditions.[2]
Regarding the humans in the observational study: These were most often the owners of the pets being treated. Some of these owners had chronic degenerative diseases while other were considered healthy.
When various types of water including the ERW was placed in a bowel and offered to each pet, the pet chose to drink the ERW over all the other types (various bottled types, tap water, well water, water from an osmosis unit, and distilled water). Owners reported that in most cases they saw a very visible improvement in the pet’s condition when compared to how they were before the electrolyzed water was started. In some the results were so obvious that the owners called or upon their next visit would go out of there way to tell everyone that they saw at the veterinary clinic of hospital about how well there pet was doing after starting in the ERW. Physical examination of the skin, ear and paw of patients with redness and chewing showed significantly less intensity of these signs. There was less diarrhea or multiple bowel movements, less mucus in the stools, less lameness and stiffness. Results were especially apparent in the older animals or those with degenerative joint disease. Most of the changes took several days of water consumption to see. There were no long term side effects in any of the dogs and cats given the water that were noted. Water consumption time ranged from just a few days while the pet was in the hospital to those that continue to be drinking the water.
There were 10 dogs and 1 cat that had topical treatment with the 2.5 pH acidic electrolyzed oxidized water that were able to be assessed well enough to be able comment of the results that were observed. In all cases the topical use of the water was tolerated well. A few seemed to complain slightly following the topical application as if it was causing the sensation of stinging. In one patient with an open fracture and resultant osteomyelitis involving several types of pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., E. coli, etc.). he topical use of the 2.5 pH water was effective in suppressing the bacterial numbers in the affected tissues to the point where no bacterial growth was cultured. The 2.5 pH water was used on 3 burn wound cases, two of which survived and the burn wounds healed well following advancement flap. application and grafting while the third was euthanized due to severe respiratory complications.
All 11 patients that received the topical 2.5 pH water as part of their therapy also received 8.5 to 9.0 pH water for oral consumption. Ten of these 11 cases also were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), which can lead to the generation of further reactive oxygen species (ROS) [3]. It was thought that HBOT was another reason for the administration and consumption of the water (author's opinion); the use of the alkaline water would "scavenge" the ROS and help decrease the inflammatory cascade; that the ERW appeared to suppress the inflammatory associated clinical signs . These included redness and swelling of the skin in dermatitis, conjunctivitis, uveitis, and otitis.
The following cases are provided as examples where the use of the electrolyzed water either had a profound - "thought to be associated with the use of the water effect" or just the opposite, where the water's oral ingestion did not prevent the development of neoplasia or the further progression of the cancer:
A 15-year-old neutered male Border Collie with significant progressive degenerative joint disease and moving with difficulty. Then he had an acute onset of vestibular disease (severe head tilt to the left, falling over to the left, rolling, grimacing, horizontal nytagmus). He stopped eating and would only eat if was fed by hand. The owners were considering for euthanasia. He was stated on 8.5 pH water with the water bowel placed in front of him. He would drink readily. Within one week he improved significantly and has recovered approximately 90%. Following the placement of him on the water his gait and movement improved and this has been continuing. According to his owner he is continuing to play with his ball and enjoying life.
A 3-year-old male neutered Mixed breed dog with a TPLO postoperatively was found in the hospital run with an open comminuted fracture of the proximal tibia with much soft tissue injury. The fracture was fixed with a long bone plate and the site grafted with cancellous bone. Unfortunately the repaired fracture site became infected. Topical application of the water (2.5 pH) and the ingestion of 8.5, then 9.0 and then 9.5 pH water was provided. The bacterial infection eventually cleared after 2 months of daily applications of the 2.5 pH water and him drinking the 9.5 water. Hyperbaric oxygen had been used on a daily bases to stimulate healing for approximately 4 weeks. His wound was closed surgically as the fracture was appearing to heal radiographically.
A 1-year-old female spayed Toy Poodle with a large full thickness burn was topically treated with the 2.5 pH water daily until the wound and granulation bed was able to have an advancement of the skin edges and then full thickness grafting (at 7 days post burn). The graft took approximately 5 days to be able to see that it had indeed survived. The dog went on to do well. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was also used on a daily bases to stimulate healing for approximately 2 weeks.
A 5-year-old male neutered Welch Corgi that initially seemed to have abdominal pain, but after a few hours was noted to have back pain and began losing the ability to walk in the rear limbs. An intervertebral disc herniation was suspected and confirmed with a myelogram and computerized tomography. Alkaline pH 8.5 water was begun after his hemilaminectomy and discectomy. The owners also started drinking the water when they noticed the dog drinking it readily (more than his regular tap water) and had noted how good it tasted. They also said that when they saw how the dog had now more energy and recovered well, gaining his ability to use both rear legs within a week after the surgery, they became convinced that they too had to be drinking the water.
A 2-year-old male Weimaraner that arrived after being severely injured by a large dog that attacked him in his own yard. A very significant bite wound with a loss of part of his ear and neck was apparent. The owner had initially taken him to be a primary care veterinarian who attempted to clean the wound, place drains and suture it closed. The veterinarian exclaimed that this was one of the worst bite wound cases you never seen. He sent the patient to us for continued care including further surgery because the wound had now been becoming necrotic. After further debridement, irrigation with 2.5 pH water and commencing with the dog drinking only 8.5 pH water the wound was eventually able to close the wound with a advancement flap. The flap survived and healed well but a small cavern alongside the anchoring of the advanced flat developed. At this time the small cavern is being irrigated with 2.5 pH water and the cavern like sinus is gradually filling in with granulation tissue.
11-year-old neutered male Doberman that had been suspected of having Lyme disease and the owner thought the dog was getting "so bad " that he was scheduled to be euthanized at the conclusion of the week as he could no longer walk well and seemed to be in chronic pain. He was only eating and drinking minimally and had lost approximately 8 kg of body weight. The dog was very depressed when I first saw him. The referring veterinarian accompanied me when I saw the patient and remarked that the dog was so much worse. A bowel of 8.5 pH water was placed in front of him and he readily began drinking it. The patient tested positive for Lyme disease with a biotensore and he was treated with the EM frequencies tested and found to be needed using bioresonance unit f. The EM signals were also transmitted into the 8.5 pH water specific for patient based on biofeed back from the bioresonace unit [16]f. He continued to be offered and drinking the alkaline water and within 3 days the owner reversed her decision to have him euthanized. The owner had remarked that the dog was "a different dog" and starting to wall so much better and had begun eating and even playing. Incidental to the dog's treatment the owner also began feeling so much better after she also began drinking the 8.5 pH water.
An 18-year-old male neutered Domestic Shorthaired cat that was receiving subcutaneous fluids three times a week for chronic renal failure. He also had a house mate that was also similar in age and size and had similar health issues (chronic renal insufficiency). Both cats were receiving subcutaneous fluids 2-3 times each week. Both were started on 8.5 pH water and received biomagnetic resonance therapy and the EM signals were also transmitted into the water[16]. Within a few days both cats were visibly feeling much better and the owner was able to stop giving them subcutaneous fluids. Their appetites had also improved. The subcutaneous fluid support was no longer needed for approximately 4 months and then these were begun again but only needed once every 1-2 weeks. According to the owner the cats were "running around the house as if they were only 5-7 years old". The owner was so impressed with the electrolyzed reduced water therapy that she also stated drinking the water. She bought a water ionizer unit and continues to this day to drink the water. She recently has introduced two younger cats, staring when they were kittens, to the 8.5 pH water and they are thriving better than any other cats she has ever had she said.
One of the most outstanding areas noted was the health of the teeth and oral cavity. We've also seen many animals (both dogs and cats) with chronic joint disease, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic vomiting without a definitive cause, asthma, obesity, wound infections, external ear inflammation and infection, diabetes, hepatitis, cholecystitis, intervertebral disc disease, orthopedic and soft tissue injuries, eye infections, and pancreatitis most have which benefited from being given the electrolyzed reduced water to drink, and electrolyzed oxidized water for wound irrigation. In many case the owners would see how well their dogs and cats did on the water, that they then to begin using the water to drink. Most owners said that not only did their pets appear to feel better but they also felt better. On occasion, diarrhea was note. In those in those cases of diarrhea most often was associated with to rapid an increase in the pH of the water. The diarrhea was felt to be due to a detoxification process that was occurring more rapidly than expected. When this was seen, a lower pH was selected (8.5) in the diarrhea would generally clear in one to three days and then pH would be gradually increased more slowly. Patience with gastric or gastro-esophageal reflux were noted to improve within hours the beginning the electrolyzed reduced water.
For those with severe wound infections and burns, use of the water appeared to be effective. It is presumed that many of the patients in the study were chronically dehydrated, and that this was linked to various disease processes. This was suspected especially in pets that were on municipal water were especially prone to dehydration. It is suspected they can smell the chlorine in the water, and possibly other contaminants.
When the electrolyzed reduced water was started some owners felt that the dog or cat was acting like he or she was years younger. In the case of Sampson's owner he was very impressed with Sampson's ability to walk much more rapidly than he thought he would. Owners with animals that were pregnant explained that the animal’s delivery was easier, the pets made more milk, and the puppies and kittens appeared stronger when they were drinking the electrolyzed reduced water as compared to other litters where regular tap water had been provided to the dam and puppies. Patients that had cancer where noted by the owners to feel and eat better and had more normal stools where previously, before the introduction of the ERW there was more constipation.
Patients with specific diseases that particularly benefited from the ingestion of the alkaline water were those in the following disease states: Chronic renal disease; Chronic liver disease; Mammary gland cancer; Dental disease (treatment and recovery, disease prevention; Prostatic disease; Degenerative joint disease; Asthma; Chronic lung disease; Pneumonia; Heart disease; Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; thrombocytopenia; Degenerative disc disease; Post-trauma, post-surgical; HBC (hit-by-car) injuries; Fractures; Snake bite; Bite wounds (minor to severe); Burn wounds; Post Joint Surgery (knees); Post foreign body removal; Post dental surgery; Post use of the hyperbaric oxygen chamber; chronic wound infections; sinus infections; skin diseases; otitis externa; conjunctivitis;
The following conditions were found to have positive effects from the topical use of oxidized reduced water: acute wounds (to help prevent infections); infected wounds (both acute and chronic; sinus infections; skin diseases; otitis externa; conjunctivitis; dental disease (gingivitis).
Regarding the results in the humans drinking the water or using it topically: The humans that were owners either voluntarily stated that they were drinking the water too and noticed considerable improvement in their own chronic degenerative condition (such as osteoarthritis with more mobility and less pain) or did not report any changes in their health if they were of those that felt they were already healthy. Observations of the electrolyzed oxidized water (EOW) used topically in wounds revealed not adverse effects. Both fresh wounds and those over several hours old that were treated with the EOW showed a positive response with none that provided a positive wound culture after treatment. All healed, even those that were major. Systemic side-effects were observed in some people drinking the ERW if they had significant disease conditions. These side-effects observed were the following: diarrhea, malaise, nausea, a tingling in the mouth or “bad taste” in the mouth as they were drinking the water. Lowering the alkaline pH level or changing briefly to clean water resolved the reported problems is all those making and reporting these observations.
This small investigation into the effects of electrolyzed water in pets has been previously reported. The following conclusions are made: Use of the water clinically both systemically and topically was associated with positive results. The few adverse responses (diarrhea, not wanting to drink) responded completely by decreasing the alkaline pH.
The following conditions were found to have positive effects from the topical use of oxidized reduced water: acute wounds (to help prevent infections); infected wounds (both acute and chronic; sinus infections; skin diseases; otitis externa; conjunctivitis; dental disease (gingivitis).
References:
Footnotes:
a. SD501 Enagic Inc., Osaka, Japan
b. Gerald Pollack, PhD; verbally reported at the Colors of Water Festival, London, England, April 21, 2013.
b. Milwaukee SM500 ORP Meter, Milwaukee Instruments., Rocky Mount, North Carolina, USA
c. Rehmel, R. Notes of observations made after providing electrolyzed reduced water to his own personal dog. Mars Hill Animal Hospital patient record. 2011
d. Stewart, R, Comments made from his experiences as a chiropractor using the alkaline (electrolyzed reduced) water.
e. BICOM Biotensor. Regumed. Regulative Medizintechnik GmbH, Grafelfing, Germany
f. BICOM Optima Portable. Regumed. Regulative Medizintechnik GmbH, Grafelfing, Germany
*This paper was first presented, in part, at an international water conference in April, 2013 (http://www.i-sis.org.uk/coloursofwater/ ) in April 2013 in London by the author.
Dr. Crowe was a presenter at the 13th International Conference on the Chemistry, Biology and Physics of Water, Borovets, Bulgaria. and this manuscript (above) was presented and published at this conference.
This can also be similarly found at the following websites: thanksfirstresponders.com waterconf.org/participants-materials/2013
FCCM, NR-AEMT, CRS, GEMA-CFF*
Regional Institute of Veterinary Emergencies and Referrals, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
University of Georgia, Institute of Health Management and Mass Destruction Defense, Athens, GA, USA
Introduction
The electrolysis of water is a process in which electrical current passes through water. Single negatively charged free electrons are added to the water at the positive cathode (reduction) side of a semipermeable membrane and electrons are removed from the water at the negative anode (oxidization). The following reaction summarizes the chemical reactions that occur at the cathode: 4H2O2 + 4 e- ==> 2H2 (gas) + 4OH and at the anode: 2H2O ==> O2 (gas) + 4H+ + 4e- [1]. Water generated at the cathode is termed electrolyzed reduced water (ERW). This water is alkaline (basic) in pH and has a negative oxidative-reduction potential (-200 to -1200 mv). Water generated at the anode is termed electrolyzed oxidized water (EOW). This water is acidic and has a positive oxidation-reduction potential (+200 to +1200 mv). Water electrolysis units for home and industrial / medical use are commercially made and sold for the generation of both of these types of water. One such unit generates 9 levels of pH in the electrolyzed water (2.5, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 7.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, 11.5 pH) and is made with 7 x 5 inch platinum coated titanium electrodes (SD501 Enagic, Inc., Osaka, Japan). The company that manufactures this unit as well as others has made claims that the water produced has health benefits.
The commercial water electrolizer (also called an ionizer), used at RIVER and which is available to anyonea, first flows water through a high-grade carbon filter to remove trace organic and inorganic water contaminants. This filtered water then flows over a series of 7 platinum coated titanium plates (the platinum acting as a catalyst) in the presence of trace amounts of commonly present calcium, magnesium and sodium that provides ions necessary to allow approximately 230 watts of electrical power to pass through the water and produces structural changes in the water [1]. The unit sits on the counter and the water flows through it via a connection hose to the water supply. The water flowing out of the ionizer is divided into a alkaline water that comes from a hose that extends from the top of the unit and an acid water that flows out of a gray hose that extends from the bottom of the unit. Approximately 3 -4 liters of each type of water (ERW and EOW) flow from the ionizer each minute.
The electrolysis of the water using the platinum coated electrodes as previously described causes multiple structural changes in the water. These changes have been summarized by others [1, 2, 3] and are listed below:
1. The water’s oxygen and hydrogen molecular bonding becomes disrupted with the generation of hydrogen (H+) ions and hydroxyl (OH-) ions which are associated with a low pH (acid) water and a high pH (alkaline) water respectively;
2. Free electrons (negative hydrogen ions) are generated at the cathode. These are associated with platinum nano-particles and form "Active Hydrogen" which produces reduced water that has a very low oxidation - reduction potential (ORP) (from -200 to a -1200 mv);
3. The removal of free electrons from the water facilitated by platinum nano-particles with the generation of oxygen gas which literally transfers the water into oxidized water with a very high ORP (from +200 to + 1200 mv);
4. The nano-clustering of the water in which there is a reduction in nuclear magnetic - resonance and the generation of small clusters of water containing 6 molecules in each cluster. This hexagonal structure is very stable with a resultant hydrogen bond angle of approximately 118 degrees and facilitates water absorption through cell membranes. This is opposed to that seen in standard bulk, tap bottled, reverse osmosis or distilled water that have larger clusters containing 10 to 50 water molecules and a smaller hydrogen bond angle of approximately 108 degrees. The smaller sized clusters enhance the ability to hydrate tissues through its ingestion of the water. The smaller sized clusters (termed micro or nano clusters) also enhances the water’s ability to move into the dermis with topical application;
5. A restructuring of the water via the change of the vibrational frequency of the water molecule from approximately 128 Hz to approximately 42 Hz which is also one of the causes of the creation of smaller water clusters;
6. The generation of the fourth phase of water also termed liquid crystalline water or hydrogel those recent investigations by water researcher Dr. Gerald Pollack discovered b. This fourth phase of water is water has also been discovered in living animals by water researcher Dr. Mae-Wan Ho [4];
Scientific Studies
Various research studies have been published concerning the use of either alkaline electrolyzed reduced water as drinking water or the use of acidic electrolyzed oxidized water topically on wounds or as a disinfectant. This is a brief list of some of the results from such studies:
- Effective management support of metabolic acidosis associated with renal failure and urinary diversion [5];
- Support of patients with insulin dependent diabetes that are under additional oxidative stress, as the water is an antioxidant and decreases stress hormones. The feeding of ERW to mice genetically bred to insulin resistant type 2 diabetes significantly reduced blood glucose. [6];
- Anticancer effects were seen when ERW was fed to rats injected with melanoma cells. This was noted through a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the induction of cytokines suggesting a strong immunomodulating effect as well [7];
- Its effect in decreasing tumor growth through the suppression of tumor vascular growth [8]. In this study laboratory mice were injected with malignant melanoma cells and the mice either drank tap water (control group) or ERW (treated group). There was a significant difference tumor grow rate and in longevity between the groups with the animals drinking the ERW living twice as long as the tap water group with tumor growth and burden being substantially less.
- Its effects on the prevention of stress inducted impairments in learning tasks [9];
- Its hepatoprotective effect when toxic materials are ingested [10]; The use of the water (oxidized electrolyzed) for the successful used in the treatment of burn wound infections [11];
- The effective use of the water (oxidized electrolyzed) in decreasing pathogenic bacterial on tooth brushes and in the mouth as a mouth wash [7];
- The effective use of the water (electrolyzed oxidized) for the decreasing of pathogenic bacteria in hospital environments [12];
- Improves ability to effect hydration [13];
- Decreases insulin requirements in diabetic rats [14];
- Antineoplstic effect in various types of cancer [15];
Clinical Study
In an open study involving pets at several veterinary hospitals including three emergency centers electrolyzed reduced water (alkaline) (pH 8.5 through 11.5) was given to the pets for drinking. Electrolyzed oxidized water (pH 2.5) was used for topical application on contaminated or infected wounds and burns; in the oral cavity; in ear canals; on table-top surfaces, floors and on various tubes and other surgery equipment. All pets were first introduced to the water either while an inpatient or as an outpatient, with the water being sent home with owners.
There were approximately 100 dogs and 30 cats where the alkaline water for oral consumption in which enough follow-up information was noted to be able comment on the results of placing the pets on the water. It is estimated that there were a total of over 300 pets that received the alkaline water for drinking. It was noted consistently that when the pets were given a choice between the hospitals' tap (municipally supplied) water or freshly made (generated by the ionizer but still using the same water source) alkaline water that they all chose to drink the alkaline water if they did drink. In some cases, documented by video, the dogs would literally "turn their noses away" from the tap water and then seek the alkaline water that had been generated by the water ionizer. Owners commented frequently that their dog or cat appeared to prefer the water compared to the previously offered and consumed tap water. When offered a range of pH, 8.5, 9.0, and 9.5 the pets each appeared to prefer one of the three. 8.5 pH water was generally provided as the initial type that was provided based on previous observations made by another veterinarian [2]. When he was initially giving the dogs alkaline water to his own personal dogs, 8.5 pH was well tolerated. However when 9.0 water was given initially this would result in the production of soft stool. When beginning with 9.5 pH water some developed diarrhea. Therefore 8.5 pH water was generally the pH strength initially used. However there were exceptions: In selected cases 9.5 pH water was initially used and 11.5 pH water was also sent home to be given by the owner in small amounts (15 - 30 ml per Kg body weight per day. These "selected cases" were those that had been diagnosed with a malignant neoplastic condition or had a significant inflammatory skin, bowel, bladder, respiratory or musculoskeletal condition. The reason for this, as recommended by another health care professionals d, was to provide an increased amount of free hydrogen based electrons being absorbed and eventually "donated" to neutralize peroxide radicals known to be in increased amounts in inflammatory and neoplastic conditions.[2]
Regarding the humans in the observational study: These were most often the owners of the pets being treated. Some of these owners had chronic degenerative diseases while other were considered healthy.
When various types of water including the ERW was placed in a bowel and offered to each pet, the pet chose to drink the ERW over all the other types (various bottled types, tap water, well water, water from an osmosis unit, and distilled water). Owners reported that in most cases they saw a very visible improvement in the pet’s condition when compared to how they were before the electrolyzed water was started. In some the results were so obvious that the owners called or upon their next visit would go out of there way to tell everyone that they saw at the veterinary clinic of hospital about how well there pet was doing after starting in the ERW. Physical examination of the skin, ear and paw of patients with redness and chewing showed significantly less intensity of these signs. There was less diarrhea or multiple bowel movements, less mucus in the stools, less lameness and stiffness. Results were especially apparent in the older animals or those with degenerative joint disease. Most of the changes took several days of water consumption to see. There were no long term side effects in any of the dogs and cats given the water that were noted. Water consumption time ranged from just a few days while the pet was in the hospital to those that continue to be drinking the water.
There were 10 dogs and 1 cat that had topical treatment with the 2.5 pH acidic electrolyzed oxidized water that were able to be assessed well enough to be able comment of the results that were observed. In all cases the topical use of the water was tolerated well. A few seemed to complain slightly following the topical application as if it was causing the sensation of stinging. In one patient with an open fracture and resultant osteomyelitis involving several types of pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., E. coli, etc.). he topical use of the 2.5 pH water was effective in suppressing the bacterial numbers in the affected tissues to the point where no bacterial growth was cultured. The 2.5 pH water was used on 3 burn wound cases, two of which survived and the burn wounds healed well following advancement flap. application and grafting while the third was euthanized due to severe respiratory complications.
All 11 patients that received the topical 2.5 pH water as part of their therapy also received 8.5 to 9.0 pH water for oral consumption. Ten of these 11 cases also were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), which can lead to the generation of further reactive oxygen species (ROS) [3]. It was thought that HBOT was another reason for the administration and consumption of the water (author's opinion); the use of the alkaline water would "scavenge" the ROS and help decrease the inflammatory cascade; that the ERW appeared to suppress the inflammatory associated clinical signs . These included redness and swelling of the skin in dermatitis, conjunctivitis, uveitis, and otitis.
The following cases are provided as examples where the use of the electrolyzed water either had a profound - "thought to be associated with the use of the water effect" or just the opposite, where the water's oral ingestion did not prevent the development of neoplasia or the further progression of the cancer:
A 15-year-old neutered male Border Collie with significant progressive degenerative joint disease and moving with difficulty. Then he had an acute onset of vestibular disease (severe head tilt to the left, falling over to the left, rolling, grimacing, horizontal nytagmus). He stopped eating and would only eat if was fed by hand. The owners were considering for euthanasia. He was stated on 8.5 pH water with the water bowel placed in front of him. He would drink readily. Within one week he improved significantly and has recovered approximately 90%. Following the placement of him on the water his gait and movement improved and this has been continuing. According to his owner he is continuing to play with his ball and enjoying life.
A 3-year-old male neutered Mixed breed dog with a TPLO postoperatively was found in the hospital run with an open comminuted fracture of the proximal tibia with much soft tissue injury. The fracture was fixed with a long bone plate and the site grafted with cancellous bone. Unfortunately the repaired fracture site became infected. Topical application of the water (2.5 pH) and the ingestion of 8.5, then 9.0 and then 9.5 pH water was provided. The bacterial infection eventually cleared after 2 months of daily applications of the 2.5 pH water and him drinking the 9.5 water. Hyperbaric oxygen had been used on a daily bases to stimulate healing for approximately 4 weeks. His wound was closed surgically as the fracture was appearing to heal radiographically.
A 1-year-old female spayed Toy Poodle with a large full thickness burn was topically treated with the 2.5 pH water daily until the wound and granulation bed was able to have an advancement of the skin edges and then full thickness grafting (at 7 days post burn). The graft took approximately 5 days to be able to see that it had indeed survived. The dog went on to do well. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was also used on a daily bases to stimulate healing for approximately 2 weeks.
A 5-year-old male neutered Welch Corgi that initially seemed to have abdominal pain, but after a few hours was noted to have back pain and began losing the ability to walk in the rear limbs. An intervertebral disc herniation was suspected and confirmed with a myelogram and computerized tomography. Alkaline pH 8.5 water was begun after his hemilaminectomy and discectomy. The owners also started drinking the water when they noticed the dog drinking it readily (more than his regular tap water) and had noted how good it tasted. They also said that when they saw how the dog had now more energy and recovered well, gaining his ability to use both rear legs within a week after the surgery, they became convinced that they too had to be drinking the water.
A 2-year-old male Weimaraner that arrived after being severely injured by a large dog that attacked him in his own yard. A very significant bite wound with a loss of part of his ear and neck was apparent. The owner had initially taken him to be a primary care veterinarian who attempted to clean the wound, place drains and suture it closed. The veterinarian exclaimed that this was one of the worst bite wound cases you never seen. He sent the patient to us for continued care including further surgery because the wound had now been becoming necrotic. After further debridement, irrigation with 2.5 pH water and commencing with the dog drinking only 8.5 pH water the wound was eventually able to close the wound with a advancement flap. The flap survived and healed well but a small cavern alongside the anchoring of the advanced flat developed. At this time the small cavern is being irrigated with 2.5 pH water and the cavern like sinus is gradually filling in with granulation tissue.
11-year-old neutered male Doberman that had been suspected of having Lyme disease and the owner thought the dog was getting "so bad " that he was scheduled to be euthanized at the conclusion of the week as he could no longer walk well and seemed to be in chronic pain. He was only eating and drinking minimally and had lost approximately 8 kg of body weight. The dog was very depressed when I first saw him. The referring veterinarian accompanied me when I saw the patient and remarked that the dog was so much worse. A bowel of 8.5 pH water was placed in front of him and he readily began drinking it. The patient tested positive for Lyme disease with a biotensore and he was treated with the EM frequencies tested and found to be needed using bioresonance unit f. The EM signals were also transmitted into the 8.5 pH water specific for patient based on biofeed back from the bioresonace unit [16]f. He continued to be offered and drinking the alkaline water and within 3 days the owner reversed her decision to have him euthanized. The owner had remarked that the dog was "a different dog" and starting to wall so much better and had begun eating and even playing. Incidental to the dog's treatment the owner also began feeling so much better after she also began drinking the 8.5 pH water.
An 18-year-old male neutered Domestic Shorthaired cat that was receiving subcutaneous fluids three times a week for chronic renal failure. He also had a house mate that was also similar in age and size and had similar health issues (chronic renal insufficiency). Both cats were receiving subcutaneous fluids 2-3 times each week. Both were started on 8.5 pH water and received biomagnetic resonance therapy and the EM signals were also transmitted into the water[16]. Within a few days both cats were visibly feeling much better and the owner was able to stop giving them subcutaneous fluids. Their appetites had also improved. The subcutaneous fluid support was no longer needed for approximately 4 months and then these were begun again but only needed once every 1-2 weeks. According to the owner the cats were "running around the house as if they were only 5-7 years old". The owner was so impressed with the electrolyzed reduced water therapy that she also stated drinking the water. She bought a water ionizer unit and continues to this day to drink the water. She recently has introduced two younger cats, staring when they were kittens, to the 8.5 pH water and they are thriving better than any other cats she has ever had she said.
One of the most outstanding areas noted was the health of the teeth and oral cavity. We've also seen many animals (both dogs and cats) with chronic joint disease, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic vomiting without a definitive cause, asthma, obesity, wound infections, external ear inflammation and infection, diabetes, hepatitis, cholecystitis, intervertebral disc disease, orthopedic and soft tissue injuries, eye infections, and pancreatitis most have which benefited from being given the electrolyzed reduced water to drink, and electrolyzed oxidized water for wound irrigation. In many case the owners would see how well their dogs and cats did on the water, that they then to begin using the water to drink. Most owners said that not only did their pets appear to feel better but they also felt better. On occasion, diarrhea was note. In those in those cases of diarrhea most often was associated with to rapid an increase in the pH of the water. The diarrhea was felt to be due to a detoxification process that was occurring more rapidly than expected. When this was seen, a lower pH was selected (8.5) in the diarrhea would generally clear in one to three days and then pH would be gradually increased more slowly. Patience with gastric or gastro-esophageal reflux were noted to improve within hours the beginning the electrolyzed reduced water.
For those with severe wound infections and burns, use of the water appeared to be effective. It is presumed that many of the patients in the study were chronically dehydrated, and that this was linked to various disease processes. This was suspected especially in pets that were on municipal water were especially prone to dehydration. It is suspected they can smell the chlorine in the water, and possibly other contaminants.
When the electrolyzed reduced water was started some owners felt that the dog or cat was acting like he or she was years younger. In the case of Sampson's owner he was very impressed with Sampson's ability to walk much more rapidly than he thought he would. Owners with animals that were pregnant explained that the animal’s delivery was easier, the pets made more milk, and the puppies and kittens appeared stronger when they were drinking the electrolyzed reduced water as compared to other litters where regular tap water had been provided to the dam and puppies. Patients that had cancer where noted by the owners to feel and eat better and had more normal stools where previously, before the introduction of the ERW there was more constipation.
Patients with specific diseases that particularly benefited from the ingestion of the alkaline water were those in the following disease states: Chronic renal disease; Chronic liver disease; Mammary gland cancer; Dental disease (treatment and recovery, disease prevention; Prostatic disease; Degenerative joint disease; Asthma; Chronic lung disease; Pneumonia; Heart disease; Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; thrombocytopenia; Degenerative disc disease; Post-trauma, post-surgical; HBC (hit-by-car) injuries; Fractures; Snake bite; Bite wounds (minor to severe); Burn wounds; Post Joint Surgery (knees); Post foreign body removal; Post dental surgery; Post use of the hyperbaric oxygen chamber; chronic wound infections; sinus infections; skin diseases; otitis externa; conjunctivitis;
The following conditions were found to have positive effects from the topical use of oxidized reduced water: acute wounds (to help prevent infections); infected wounds (both acute and chronic; sinus infections; skin diseases; otitis externa; conjunctivitis; dental disease (gingivitis).
Regarding the results in the humans drinking the water or using it topically: The humans that were owners either voluntarily stated that they were drinking the water too and noticed considerable improvement in their own chronic degenerative condition (such as osteoarthritis with more mobility and less pain) or did not report any changes in their health if they were of those that felt they were already healthy. Observations of the electrolyzed oxidized water (EOW) used topically in wounds revealed not adverse effects. Both fresh wounds and those over several hours old that were treated with the EOW showed a positive response with none that provided a positive wound culture after treatment. All healed, even those that were major. Systemic side-effects were observed in some people drinking the ERW if they had significant disease conditions. These side-effects observed were the following: diarrhea, malaise, nausea, a tingling in the mouth or “bad taste” in the mouth as they were drinking the water. Lowering the alkaline pH level or changing briefly to clean water resolved the reported problems is all those making and reporting these observations.
This small investigation into the effects of electrolyzed water in pets has been previously reported. The following conclusions are made: Use of the water clinically both systemically and topically was associated with positive results. The few adverse responses (diarrhea, not wanting to drink) responded completely by decreasing the alkaline pH.
The following conditions were found to have positive effects from the topical use of oxidized reduced water: acute wounds (to help prevent infections); infected wounds (both acute and chronic; sinus infections; skin diseases; otitis externa; conjunctivitis; dental disease (gingivitis).
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- Nakae H, Inaba H. Effectiveness of electrolyzed oxidized water irrigation in a burn-wound infection model. J Trauma. 2000 Sep;49(3):511-514.
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Footnotes:
a. SD501 Enagic Inc., Osaka, Japan
b. Gerald Pollack, PhD; verbally reported at the Colors of Water Festival, London, England, April 21, 2013.
b. Milwaukee SM500 ORP Meter, Milwaukee Instruments., Rocky Mount, North Carolina, USA
c. Rehmel, R. Notes of observations made after providing electrolyzed reduced water to his own personal dog. Mars Hill Animal Hospital patient record. 2011
d. Stewart, R, Comments made from his experiences as a chiropractor using the alkaline (electrolyzed reduced) water.
e. BICOM Biotensor. Regumed. Regulative Medizintechnik GmbH, Grafelfing, Germany
f. BICOM Optima Portable. Regumed. Regulative Medizintechnik GmbH, Grafelfing, Germany
*This paper was first presented, in part, at an international water conference in April, 2013 (http://www.i-sis.org.uk/coloursofwater/ ) in April 2013 in London by the author.
Dr. Crowe was a presenter at the 13th International Conference on the Chemistry, Biology and Physics of Water, Borovets, Bulgaria. and this manuscript (above) was presented and published at this conference.
This can also be similarly found at the following websites: thanksfirstresponders.com waterconf.org/participants-materials/2013
Thoroughbred Horses
J Equine Sci. 2013;24(1):1-8. doi: 10.1294/jes.24.1. Epub 2013 Apr 16.
Effect of Treadmill Exercise and Hydrogen-rich Water Intake on Serum Oxidative and Anti-oxidative Metabolites in Serum of Thoroughbred Horses.
Tsubone H1, Hanafusa M1, Endo M2, Manabe N2, Hiraga A3, Ohmura H4, Aida H4.Author information
1
Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
2
Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3145 Ago, Ibaraki-Kasama 319-0206, Japan.
3
Hidaka Training Farm, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Aza-nisi Sha, Urakawa-cho, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
4
The Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 321-4 Tokami-cho, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan.AbstractThe present study aimed to clarify changes of oxidative stress and antioxidative functions in treadmill-exercised Thoroughbred horses (n=5, 3 to 7 years old), using recently developed techniques for measurement of serum d-ROMs for oxidative stress, and BAP for antioxidative markers. Also, the effect of nasogastric administration of hydrogen-rich water (HW) or placebo water preceding the treadmill exercise on these parameters was examined. Each horse was subjected to a maximum level of treadmill exercise in which the horses were exhausted at an average speed of 13.2 ± 0.84 m/sec. Blood samples were taken 4 times, immediately before the intake of HW or placebo water at 30 min preceding the treadmill exercise, immediately before the exercise (pre-exercise), immediately after the exercise (post-exercise) and at 30 min following the exercise. In all horses, both d-ROMs and BAP values significantly increased at post-exercise. The increase in d-ROMs tended to be lower in the HW trial, as compared to the placebo trial at pre-exercise. The increase in BAP was considerable at approximately 150% of the pre-exercise values in both the HW and placebo treatment trials. The BAP/d-ROMs ratio was significantly elevated at post-exercise in both treatment trials, while a significant elevation was also observed at pre-exercise in the HW trial. BAP, d-ROM, and the BAP/d-ROM ratio tended to decline at 30 min after the exercise, except BAP and BAP/d-ROMs in the placebo trial. These results demonstrate that the marked elevation of oxidative stress and anitioxidative functions occurred simultaneously in the intensively exercised horses, and suggest a possibility that HW has some antioxidative efficacy.
Effect of Treadmill Exercise and Hydrogen-rich Water Intake on Serum Oxidative and Anti-oxidative Metabolites in Serum of Thoroughbred Horses.
Tsubone H1, Hanafusa M1, Endo M2, Manabe N2, Hiraga A3, Ohmura H4, Aida H4.Author information
1
Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
2
Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3145 Ago, Ibaraki-Kasama 319-0206, Japan.
3
Hidaka Training Farm, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Aza-nisi Sha, Urakawa-cho, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
4
The Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 321-4 Tokami-cho, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan.AbstractThe present study aimed to clarify changes of oxidative stress and antioxidative functions in treadmill-exercised Thoroughbred horses (n=5, 3 to 7 years old), using recently developed techniques for measurement of serum d-ROMs for oxidative stress, and BAP for antioxidative markers. Also, the effect of nasogastric administration of hydrogen-rich water (HW) or placebo water preceding the treadmill exercise on these parameters was examined. Each horse was subjected to a maximum level of treadmill exercise in which the horses were exhausted at an average speed of 13.2 ± 0.84 m/sec. Blood samples were taken 4 times, immediately before the intake of HW or placebo water at 30 min preceding the treadmill exercise, immediately before the exercise (pre-exercise), immediately after the exercise (post-exercise) and at 30 min following the exercise. In all horses, both d-ROMs and BAP values significantly increased at post-exercise. The increase in d-ROMs tended to be lower in the HW trial, as compared to the placebo trial at pre-exercise. The increase in BAP was considerable at approximately 150% of the pre-exercise values in both the HW and placebo treatment trials. The BAP/d-ROMs ratio was significantly elevated at post-exercise in both treatment trials, while a significant elevation was also observed at pre-exercise in the HW trial. BAP, d-ROM, and the BAP/d-ROM ratio tended to decline at 30 min after the exercise, except BAP and BAP/d-ROMs in the placebo trial. These results demonstrate that the marked elevation of oxidative stress and anitioxidative functions occurred simultaneously in the intensively exercised horses, and suggest a possibility that HW has some antioxidative efficacy.
Electrolyzed-reduced water scavenges active oxygen species and protects DNA from oxidative damage
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 May 8;234(1):269-74.
Electrolyzed-reduced water scavenges active oxygen species and protects DNA from oxidative damage.
Shirahata S1, Kabayama S, Nakano M, Miura T, Kusumoto K, Gotoh M, Hayashi H, Otsubo K, Morisawa S, Katakura Y.
Author information
Abstract
Active oxygen species or free radicals are considered to cause extensive oxidative damage to biological macromolecules, which brings about a variety of diseases as well as aging. The ideal scavenger for active oxygen should be 'active hydrogen'. 'Active hydrogen' can be produced in reduced water near the cathode during electrolysis of water. Reduced water exhibits high pH, low dissolved oxygen (DO), extremely high dissolved molecular hydrogen (DH), and extremely negative redox potential (RP) values. Strongly electrolyzed-reduced water, as well as ascorbic acid, (+)- catechin and tannic acid, completely scavenged O.-2 produced by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (HX-XOD) system in sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The superoxide dismutase (SOD)- like activity of reduced water is stable at 4 degrees C for over a month and was not lost even after neutralization, repeated freezing and melting, deflation with sonication, vigorous mixing, boiling, repeated filtration, or closed autoclaving, but was lost by opened autoclaving or by closed autoclaving in the presence of tungsten trioxide which efficiently adsorbs active atomic hydrogen. Water bubbled with hydrogen gas exhibited low DO, extremely high DH and extremely low RP values, as does reduced water, but it has no SOD-like activity. These results suggest that the SOD- like activity of reduced water is not due to the dissolved molecular hydrogen but due to the dissolved atomic hydrogen (active hydrogen). Although SOD accumulated H2O2 when added to the HX-XOD system, reduced water decreased the amount of H2O2 produced by XOD. Reduced water, as well as catalase and ascorbic acid, could directly scavenge H2O2. Reduce water suppresses single-strand breakage of DNA b active oxygen species produced by the Cu(II)- catalyzed oxidation of ascorbic acid in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that reduced water can scavenge not only O2.- and H2O2, but also 1O2 and .OH.
PMID: 9169001 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6622 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9169001
Pilot study: Effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on muscle fatigue
Med Gas Res. 2012 Jul 12;2:12. doi: 10.1186/2045-9912-2-12. eCollection 2012.
Pilot study: Effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on muscle fatigue caused by acute exercise in elite athletes.Aoki K1, Nakao A2, Adachi T1, Matsui Y1, Miyakawa S1.Author informationAbstractBACKGROUND:Muscle contraction during short intervals of intense exercise causes oxidative stress, which can play a role in the development of overtraining symptoms, including increased fatigue, resulting in muscle microinjury or inflammation. Recently it has been said that hydrogen can function as antioxidant, so we investigated the effect of hydrogen-rich water (HW) on oxidative stress and muscle fatigue in response to acute exercise.
METHODS:Ten male soccer players aged 20.9 ± 1.3 years old were subjected to exercise tests and blood sampling. Each subject was examined twice in a crossover double-blind manner; they were given either HW or placebo water (PW) for one week intervals. Subjects were requested to use a cycle ergometer at a 75 % maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) for 30 min, followed by measurement of peak torque and muscle activity throughout 100 repetitions of maximal isokinetic knee extension. Oxidative stress markers and creatine kinase in the peripheral blood were sequentially measured.
RESULTS:Although acute exercise resulted in an increase in blood lactate levels in the subjects given PW, oral intake of HW prevented an elevation of blood lactate during heavy exercise. Peak torque of PW significantly decreased during maximal isokinetic knee extension, suggesting muscle fatigue, but peak torque of HW didn't decrease at early phase. There was no significant change in blood oxidative injury markers (d-ROMs and BAP) or creatine kinease after exercise.
CONCLUSION:Adequate hydration with hydrogen-rich water pre-exercise reduced blood lactate levels and improved exercise-induced decline of muscle function. Although further studies to elucidate the exact mechanisms and the benefits are needed to be confirmed in larger series of studies, these preliminary results may suggest that HW may be suitable hydration for athletes.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22520831
Pilot study: Effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on muscle fatigue caused by acute exercise in elite athletes.Aoki K1, Nakao A2, Adachi T1, Matsui Y1, Miyakawa S1.Author informationAbstractBACKGROUND:Muscle contraction during short intervals of intense exercise causes oxidative stress, which can play a role in the development of overtraining symptoms, including increased fatigue, resulting in muscle microinjury or inflammation. Recently it has been said that hydrogen can function as antioxidant, so we investigated the effect of hydrogen-rich water (HW) on oxidative stress and muscle fatigue in response to acute exercise.
METHODS:Ten male soccer players aged 20.9 ± 1.3 years old were subjected to exercise tests and blood sampling. Each subject was examined twice in a crossover double-blind manner; they were given either HW or placebo water (PW) for one week intervals. Subjects were requested to use a cycle ergometer at a 75 % maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) for 30 min, followed by measurement of peak torque and muscle activity throughout 100 repetitions of maximal isokinetic knee extension. Oxidative stress markers and creatine kinase in the peripheral blood were sequentially measured.
RESULTS:Although acute exercise resulted in an increase in blood lactate levels in the subjects given PW, oral intake of HW prevented an elevation of blood lactate during heavy exercise. Peak torque of PW significantly decreased during maximal isokinetic knee extension, suggesting muscle fatigue, but peak torque of HW didn't decrease at early phase. There was no significant change in blood oxidative injury markers (d-ROMs and BAP) or creatine kinease after exercise.
CONCLUSION:Adequate hydration with hydrogen-rich water pre-exercise reduced blood lactate levels and improved exercise-induced decline of muscle function. Although further studies to elucidate the exact mechanisms and the benefits are needed to be confirmed in larger series of studies, these preliminary results may suggest that HW may be suitable hydration for athletes.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22520831
Mechanism of the lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2011;75(7):1295-9. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
Mechanism of the lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans by electrolyzed reduced water--participation of Pt nanoparticles.Yan H1, Kinjo T, Tian H, Hamasaki T, Teruya K, Kabayama S, Shirahata S.AbstractElectrolyzed reduced water (ERW) contains a large amount of molecular hydrogen and a small amount of Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs). We have found that ERW significantly extended the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans in a novel culture medium designated Water Medium. In this study, we found that synthetic Pt NPs at ppb levels significantly extended the nematode lifespan and scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the nematode induced by paraquat treatment. In contrast, a high concentration of dissolved molecular hydrogen had no significant effect on the lifespan of the nematode. These findings suggest that the Pt NPs in ERW, rather than the molecular hydrogen, extend the longevity of the nematode, at least partly by scavenging ROS.
Mechanism of the lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans by electrolyzed reduced water--participation of Pt nanoparticles.Yan H1, Kinjo T, Tian H, Hamasaki T, Teruya K, Kabayama S, Shirahata S.AbstractElectrolyzed reduced water (ERW) contains a large amount of molecular hydrogen and a small amount of Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs). We have found that ERW significantly extended the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans in a novel culture medium designated Water Medium. In this study, we found that synthetic Pt NPs at ppb levels significantly extended the nematode lifespan and scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the nematode induced by paraquat treatment. In contrast, a high concentration of dissolved molecular hydrogen had no significant effect on the lifespan of the nematode. These findings suggest that the Pt NPs in ERW, rather than the molecular hydrogen, extend the longevity of the nematode, at least partly by scavenging ROS.
Molecular hydrogen reduces LPS-induced neuroinflammation
Molecular hydrogen reduces LPS-induced neuroinflammation and promotes recovery from sickness behaviour in mice.
Spulber S1, Edoff K, Hong L, Morisawa S, Shirahata S, Ceccatelli S.
Author information
Spulber S1, Edoff K, Hong L, Morisawa S, Shirahata S, Ceccatelli S.
Author information
- 1Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. [email protected]
ERW Supplemented with Platinum Nanoparticles Suppresses Promotion of Two-stage Cell Transformation.
Cytotechnology. 2005 Jan;47(1-3):97-105. doi: 10.1007/s10616-005-3759-2.
Electrolyzed Reduced Water Supplemented with Platinum Nanoparticles Suppresses Promotion of Two-stage Cell Transformation.
Nishikawa R1, Teruya K, Katakura Y, Osada K, Hamasaki T, Kashiwagi T, Komatsu T, Li Y, Ye J, Ichikawa A, Otsubo K, Morisawa S, Xu Q, Shirahata S.Author informationAbstractIn the two-stage cell transformation theory, cancer cells first receive initiation, which is mainly caused by DNA damage, and then promotion, which enhances transformation. Murine Balb/c 3T3 cells are widely used for transformation experiments because they lose contact inhibition ability when transformed. Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW), which is produced near a cathode during electrolysis of water, is an alkaline drinking water that is beneficial to health. ERW contains a high concentration of dissolved hydrogen and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), along with a small amount of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (Pt nps) derived from Pt-coated titanium electrodes. Pt nps stably disperse in aqueous solution for a long time, and convert hydrogen molecules to active hydrogen (atomic hydrogen) that can scavenge ROS. Therefore, ERW supplemented with synthesized Pt nps is a model strong reduced water. This is the first report that ERW supplemented with synthesized Pt nps strongly prevents transformation of Balb/c 3T3 cells. ERW was prepared by electrolysis of 0.002 M NaOH solution using a batch-type electrolysis device. Balb/c 3T3 cells were treated with 3-methyl cholanthrene (MCA) as an initiation substance, followed by treatment with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) as a promotion substance. MCA/PMA-induced formation of a transformation focus was strongly suppressed by ERW supplemented with Pt nps but not by ERW or Pt nps individually. ERW supplemented with Pt nps suppressed transformation at the promoter stage, not at initiation, suggesting that ERW supplemented with Pt nps suppressed the PMA-induced augmentation of intracellular ROS. ERW supplemented with Pt nps is a potential new antioxidant against carcinogenesis.
Electrolyzed Reduced Water Supplemented with Platinum Nanoparticles Suppresses Promotion of Two-stage Cell Transformation.
Nishikawa R1, Teruya K, Katakura Y, Osada K, Hamasaki T, Kashiwagi T, Komatsu T, Li Y, Ye J, Ichikawa A, Otsubo K, Morisawa S, Xu Q, Shirahata S.Author informationAbstractIn the two-stage cell transformation theory, cancer cells first receive initiation, which is mainly caused by DNA damage, and then promotion, which enhances transformation. Murine Balb/c 3T3 cells are widely used for transformation experiments because they lose contact inhibition ability when transformed. Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW), which is produced near a cathode during electrolysis of water, is an alkaline drinking water that is beneficial to health. ERW contains a high concentration of dissolved hydrogen and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), along with a small amount of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (Pt nps) derived from Pt-coated titanium electrodes. Pt nps stably disperse in aqueous solution for a long time, and convert hydrogen molecules to active hydrogen (atomic hydrogen) that can scavenge ROS. Therefore, ERW supplemented with synthesized Pt nps is a model strong reduced water. This is the first report that ERW supplemented with synthesized Pt nps strongly prevents transformation of Balb/c 3T3 cells. ERW was prepared by electrolysis of 0.002 M NaOH solution using a batch-type electrolysis device. Balb/c 3T3 cells were treated with 3-methyl cholanthrene (MCA) as an initiation substance, followed by treatment with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) as a promotion substance. MCA/PMA-induced formation of a transformation focus was strongly suppressed by ERW supplemented with Pt nps but not by ERW or Pt nps individually. ERW supplemented with Pt nps suppressed transformation at the promoter stage, not at initiation, suggesting that ERW supplemented with Pt nps suppressed the PMA-induced augmentation of intracellular ROS. ERW supplemented with Pt nps is a potential new antioxidant against carcinogenesis.
Enhanced induction of mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in human
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2009 Feb;73(2):280-7. Epub 2009 Feb 7.
Enhanced induction of mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells due to electrolyzed-reduced water and glutathione.
Tsai CF1, Hsu YW, Chen WK, Ho YC, Lu FJ.
Abstract
Electrolzyed-reduced water (ERW) is a higher pH and lower oxidation-reduction potential water. In the present study, we examined the enhanced effect of ERW in the apoptosis of leukemia cells (HL-60) induced by glutathione (GSH). An enhanced inhibitory effect on the viability of the HL-60 cells was observed after treatment with a combination of ERW with various concentrations of GSH, whereas no cytotoxic effect in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells was observed. The results of apoptotic related protein indicated that the induction of HL-60 cell death was caused by the induction of apoptosis through upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. The results of further investigation showed a diminution of intracellular GSH levels in ERW, and combination with GSH groups. These results suggest that ERW is an antioxidant, and that ERW, in combination with GSH, has an enhanced apoptosis-inducing effect on HL-60 cells, which might be mediated through the mitochondria-dependent pathway.
Enhanced induction of mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells due to electrolyzed-reduced water and glutathione.
Tsai CF1, Hsu YW, Chen WK, Ho YC, Lu FJ.
Abstract
Electrolzyed-reduced water (ERW) is a higher pH and lower oxidation-reduction potential water. In the present study, we examined the enhanced effect of ERW in the apoptosis of leukemia cells (HL-60) induced by glutathione (GSH). An enhanced inhibitory effect on the viability of the HL-60 cells was observed after treatment with a combination of ERW with various concentrations of GSH, whereas no cytotoxic effect in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells was observed. The results of apoptotic related protein indicated that the induction of HL-60 cell death was caused by the induction of apoptosis through upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. The results of further investigation showed a diminution of intracellular GSH levels in ERW, and combination with GSH groups. These results suggest that ERW is an antioxidant, and that ERW, in combination with GSH, has an enhanced apoptosis-inducing effect on HL-60 cells, which might be mediated through the mitochondria-dependent pathway.
The Biochemistry and Biophysics of Water Health
The Biochemistry and Biophysics of Water Health
Water is essential to life. 60% - 85% of the body mass of Warm
blooded mammals is water based. Distribution and retention of this
water is specific for each organ. The lungs have the highest water
content at 83%. Blood, muscles and kidneys share a matching 79 % water.
Brain and heart share a matching 73% water. Liver is 71 % H20. Skin is
64% H20. And skeleton is 31 % water. From Gerald Pollack’s work he has determined that
the body, numbers approximately 95% water on molecular number aspect. It is involved with all
cell organelles, and forms the hydrophilic back-bone to all intracellular and extracellular structures.
One major question being raised is whether the rate and quality
of absorption, processing, and elimination of water in the living bodys’
metabolic pathways is affected by “preconditioned” water that has been
filtered of toxins, and adjusted in ph, orp, Ionization, and “resonant
structure”? How is the bodys’ performance impeded or damaged by
dehydration and or bad quality water and or bad quality diet? Does an
acidic environment impede the immune system? Does it affect cancer
growth? How does ingestion of pollution free, ph-orp adjusted water help
repair damage and reestablish healthy homeostasis? During this
discourse we will present data from clinical studies as well as physics
experiments on subject performance in rate and quality of: homeostasis
blood pressure, body temperature, energy production, protein synthesis,
toxin-waste elimination, as well as immune response. In the end we
will conclude that the quality of conditioned and adjusted water has
significant benefits for health in the medical practice.
If we examine the path water takes through body from the
macroscopic to the microscopic and eventually to the nano-scopic, it
becomes obvious that as water travels inside the cell and even inside to
the nucleus it becomes nano scale in size with specific structure &
specific ph, orp, and ionization values. This means that the digestive
system must “condition” water during absorption and during the kidneys,
liver, and lymphatic filter-circulation. The brain and neurovascular-immune
-network responds to water content and conditions within seconds.
Dr. James Clegg, at the University of Miami, studied the
structuring of water in cells. He showed that all proteins and
chromosomes in cells have a layer of bound water coating them about 10
molecules thick. Given Clegg’s findings, when an enzyme (one of 4000)
reacts with a substrate, the only substance that actually touches the
substrate molecule is the energized water coating which transmits the
structure and triggering properties from the enzyme to the substrate.
Hydrogel formation involved in coating cell structures favors a slightly alkaline environment.
The double wall of the cell nucleus is designed to prevent
toxins from entering the nucleus and mutating DNA. Only
nano-size-structured water can penetrate through the double wall of the nucleus as a
nutrient and information carrier to DNA to change genevstates.(Smirnov 2002)
Structured water packs along the DNA back bone.
In order for the body to use water on the cellular level it must
be “conditioned” in the digestive track before it is absorbed and
becomes 90% blood plasma and travel through the kidneys. In fact the
water must be conditioned during absorption by the body to match the
blood’s surface tension of 42 dynes/cm as it becomes 90% of the bloodp
plasma. Structuring water lowers surface tension to at least 68 dynes/cm
vs distilled water at 72 dynes/cm. Dissolving power of structured water
at 68 dynes/cm is much greater. (Hyson, 2004) This enables structured
water to absorb and integrate into tissue more efficiently to detox or
build cell structures. This aids in digestion.
The question is how does the quality of water entering our
digestive tract affect the rate and quality of the “conditioning”
process in the digestive track and blood plasma. In particular how
does adjusting the ph, orp, and ionization of drinking water affect
biological processes and our health.
The process of digesting water and conditioning it to be
absorbed and transferred to blood plasma takes place in the stomach, and intestinal
track. Absorption begins in the stomach. Here the in the presence of
digestive enzymes conditions the water. After the water is broken down
in size and conditioned in ph, the lining absorbs water molecules in the
6 to nanocluster size. Once in the blood plasma the water goes through
adjustments in ph, orp and structure as it is filtered through the
kidneys (once ever 30-60 minutes), liver and lymphatic system. Most
certainly the ability of absorbing and processing water through the
cells’ hydrogel nano-structures is affected by its structrure, ph,
orp,quality.
We can see this in metabolic process of protein synthesis and
energy production. The rate at which the water molecules enter cell
nanostructures is affected by its structrure size resonance, ph, orp,
and ionization. (clinical data on the way ) Water is center stage in
the mechanics of metabolism: the reductive synthesis of proteins for
structure, and oxidative degradation of molecules for energy production
and waste flush. Water is a key ingredient in the body’s in metabolic
biochemical pathways and the cycle of converting glucose to CO2 + H20.
Efficiency and stability are features of metabolic pathways. Not
wasting energy and maintaining homeostasis are top on the list. To
achieve this, cellular metabolism is largely a circular process which is
close to, but never at chemical equilibrium and is partially reversible.
Metabolic homeostasis is achieved by a steady-state throughput
ofenergy and metabolites, including water! Note: water retention
mechanisms exist for a reason –HOMEOSTASIS- and that means abstaining
from water under stress free conditions can strengthen this mechanism.
Remember the body possesses partial superconducting properties and
mechanisms for homeostasis and for famine and dehydration survival.
For this reason there exists a partial reversibility of glucose to
co2+h20 energy for homeostasis in slow throughput mode. What is
interesting is that even though we may only consume 2000 calories, the
body on average uses 5000 calories of energy without being consumed!!
(Lt. Col. & Professor of Physics Thomas E. Bearden, U.S Army retired,
Free Energy Generation, 2006riei). Where does this extra energy come from
or manifest?
The energy flows in from the quantum vacuum of sub space which
exists between the highvoltage potentials of cells and mitochondrial
membranes. According to the research of Reilly, 1998,& Brown,1999 the
voltage between hydrogel living cell membranes can exceed 10,000
volts/mm and 40,000 volts/mm across the membranes of mitochondria.
These highly charged hydrogels conduct best in an alkaline water
context. Warm blooded mammals have partial supercoducting properties
along the hydrogel membrane of the mitochondria during glucose+water
metabolism. The phosphorylation of glucose in water requires ATP
hydrolysis to catalyze the reaction. The water surrounding the
nanostructrures of the mitochondria and other metabolic structures is
most definitely nanostructured with ionization bias. The flow of
ionizied nanostructured ph specific water is natural feature in the
process of metabolic hydration, dehydration, and dehydrogenation where
two types of hydrogens: one hydrogen with 2 electrons (hydride ion), or
1-2 hydrogens with no electrons reacts with nicotinamide NAD. The
efficiency of oxidative and reductive reactions for either building
molecules or flushing waste and toxins is affected by the quality of
water entering cell tissue.
The rate and quality of these processes is water dependent.
This is especially evident is high performance athletes. The living body
uses 4-8 liters a day; replenishes entire body water equivalent in 6-14
days.
Water is critical to homeostasis. Stable body temperature,
bloodpressure, acidity ph, energy production, protein synthesis, & waste
flush directly depends on water. It is important to keep in mind that
humans and other warm blooded animals are designed to maintain
homeostasis under so called healthy normal environmental conditions.
Adjusted water is great for ER situations and when the body is far from
homeostasis. However drinking water that is adjusted to far from this
norm for too long could affect homeostasis so caution is advised (it is
recommended to use extremely adjusted water on a temporary basis, to let
the body reestablish its natural homeostasis.)
Water is a critical part of the body’s acid-base homeostasis.
Studies performed by Koufman JA. and Johnston N. at the Voice Vnstitute of New
York show that alkaline ph 8.8 drinking water has benefits in the
treatment of acid reflux disease by the way it denatures pepsin so that
repair can begin. Alkaline ph 8.8 water also helps resets the body’s
acid-base homeostasis. Studies at the Department of Urology, Mansoura
University Egypt (Ther Apher Dial, 2009, June 13) demonstrate that
ionized alkaline water is beneficial in managing metabolic acidosis. In
dogs and rats it was shown that ionized alkaline water can reverse and
balance the effects of the accumulation of endogenous acids or loss of
bicarbonate from the gastrointestinal tract.)
Water is also a key ingredient in body temperature and blood pressure
regulation. The flow of energy through water has unique properties
under certain conditions that allow for temperature-energy-pressure
regulation as well as gene and immune regulation with in living cell
structures.
These properties relate to biological hydrogel
superconductivity. Superconductors have the unique ability to
efficiently exclude all electromagnetic and acoustic vibrations except
its own inherent frequency pattern. The fact that photon-phonon
interactions between living cells regulate enzyme activity and
physiology was demonstrated by Fritz Popp. Research performed by Bell
Labs, Lucent Technologies in the US, the European Synchrotron Radiation
Facility in France, and the National Research Council of Canada reveal
unique properties of the hydrogen and sigma-covalent bonds in
conditioned nano-clustered water. According to the National Institute of
Physics the hydrogen and sigma bonds of water can resonate in a way that
resembles a super conductor.
Water is central to the living bodys’ electronic properties
that allowtissue cells to function. The electronic properties of living tissue
include: 1.Magnetic inductance of electrical current in the rings and
coils of biological molecules, 2. Hydrogel membrane capacitance to hold
electrical charge and voltage, 3. Hydrogel membrane dielectric resonance
to capture and transmit energy, 4. Piezoelectric resonance to regulate
bone and tissue mass, 5. Isomer transistor ability to switch and direct
electrical current and metabolite flow, to name a few. O2 absorption by
hemoglobin is made possible the blood cells toroid shape and spiraled
arms for maximum energy conductivity, structural integrity. Three
nobel laureates (looking for name ref) in medicine revealed that 90%
function of DNA coil is as a holographic series induction circuit to
direct DNA transcription. Only 3% of the DNAs’ coils is used for
transcription & protein manufacture the rest is used to orchestrate the
event of transcription itself. The movements of the coils of the DNA
during transcription require a very specific type of structural
stability and flexibility. Hexagonal h20 molecules packed along the DNA’s
backbone provide this structural stability and flexibility.
In blood plasma, in cells, and in between cells, water in
conditioned to have paired electrons with zero net electronic spin for
super efficiency conduction of energy. Superconductors conduct
electricity by way of electron pairs with zero net spin. Apparently in
living tissues, electron transfer is preferable in pairs with zero net
spin. This is the case in redox reactions where electrons are
transferred from one molecule to the other in pairs. Paired electron
transport takes is central in the synthesis of ATP molecules in the
conjugate membranes of mitochondria . Andrei Mourachkine,
Room-Temperature Superconductivity. Due to the fact that living systems
chemical prefer to exchange energy charge with no net spin, the spin
ionization structure gradient condition of drinking water is obviously
better if it is closer to zero.
Paired electrons conduct through the hydrogel of living cells as
waves in a 4/9 resonate coupled state. This “liquid light” regulates the body’
s thermostat. The thermostat is hormonal controlled by the hypothalamus
and the nervous system where there exists a high amount of hydrogel that
is rich in paired electrons in the 4/9 resonate coupled state. This
system prefers an environment whose electrons have neutral spin in
slighty alkaline aqueous solution. This thermostat system is based on
resonant energy pulses within a hydrated environment to regulate energy
mechanisms & keep temperature constant.
This system regulates 4 states: 1.Steady state at rest at room
temperature with no perspiration, thirst, or water release. 2. During
exercise or in the presence of heat stimulating exothermic perspiration,
thirst, water release 3. At rest in the presence of heat stimulating
perspiration, and water retention. 4. At rest in the presence of cold
stimulating endothermic retention and in extreme cold exposure releasing
h20 from the body in urine to warm up.
Athletic training affects this mechanism by adding energy
reversibility from energy storage mechanisms built up during
stress-strain-rest-regeneration cycles. Fasting also increases
metabolic reversibility by stimulating release from fatty acid energy
storage. Metabolic energy and metabolite recycling as well as reaction
reversibility in the citric-acid cycle, fatty acid cycle, and urea cycle
involves properties of localized hydrogel superconductors and water
nanostructures.
As chemists we are used to thinking of electrons and protons
as particles with particle like properties. However, in the living body
paired electron flow and molecular +2 ion flow is definitely a wave
phenomena with exotic superconducting properties. One such amazing
property of paired charge flow is the ability to quantum tunnel through
tissue barriers where blood does not pass to maintain homeostasis. In
the case of body temperature, homeostasis is achieved in part because
paired charge flow has the ability to exclude all external energy
vibrations except for its own inherent frequency. This property
contributes to the body’s homeostasis as well as enzyme, gene immune
regulation across the board. The structured shapes of the molecules of
life, the basic building blocks are in the shapes of circles, folds and
coils depend on ionized structured water as a functional coating and a
chemical metabolite.
“The hydrogen bond is one of the most important bonds in
biology. In water, hydrogen bonds are the bonds between water molecules,
while the sigma bonds are the bonds within the water molecule. P113 The
sigma bond with in individual water molecules is much stronger than the
hydrogen bond and the shared electrons in a covalent sigma bond is not
particle like but wave like in nature. (each electron is shared by both
atoms simultaneously) Hydrogen bonds are electrostatic in nature. The
much weaker hydrogen bonds that exist between H2O molecules generate
transfer of electrons between the positively charged hydrogen atom and a
negatively charged Oxygen atom. “ How do hydrogen bonds obtain their
double identity? The answer lies with the electrons in the hydrogen
bonds. Electrons, like all other objects in nature, naturally seek their
lowest-energy state. To do this, they minimize their total energy, with
includes their energy of motion(i.e. kinetic energy). Lowering an
electron’s kinetic energy means reducing its velocity. A reduced
velocity also means a reduced momentum. And whenever and object reduces
its momentum, it must spread out in space, according to a quantum
mechanical principal known as the Heisenberg Uncertainty Pricinple. In
fact, this “delocalization” effect occurs for electrons in many other
situations, not just in hydrogen bonds. Delocalization plays an
important role in determining the behavior of superconductors and other
electrically conducting materials.”
“In water the electron waves at the sigma and hydrogen bond sites
overlap to a degree. This can make in between hydrogen bonds behave
like internal sigma bonds and vs-versa as the electron wave progresses
through the water. This implies that energized water can take on quantum
mechanical exotic properties. Self assembly of proteins in cell
structures relies heavily on h-bonds.” 115 “These water molecules balance the tensile and compressive aspects of
the DNA structure. The packing of water in DNA is critical in maintain
proper genetic structure and energy conduction. (Hyson,2004) Acoustic
and electromagnetic fields change the structure of water and this in
turn changes the shape of the DNA and alters related genetic expression.
DNA gains its power from pyramids of nano-structured water molecules
and hydrogen bonds. Superconducting fields exclude all em and
vibrational waves except its own inherent frequency. Specific expressor
or repressor genes can be activated by specific series coil induction
triggering. Dr. Franco Bistolfi, a bioelectronics expert, theorized that
intercellular communications occurs as a result of piezoelectric
interactions and photon-phonon transduction of em signals.”
Daily average consumption O2-6pounds, water-2pounds, food-4pounds,
(more to come with emphasis on clinical reference data )
If the ph of water is not relavento why does is have to be well above ph1? And why then would the brain have the ability to respond and differentiate betw
een quantity of water in the stomach and wether it is acidic, neutral, or alkaline WITHIN SECONDS to affect blood pressure, thrmostat hormone activity, metabolic direction, & psychological states.
(wind storm knocked out power in parts of Lakewood so using text) Reference for 20,000 Volt potential between cell membranes, 40,000 Volt potential across mitocodria surface- Reilly JP. Applied Bioelectricity: From Electral Stimulation to Electro pathology. NY:Springer. 1998; Brown G. The Energy of Life: The Science of What Makes Our Minds and Bodies Work,NY: The Free Press, 1999. Structured water and absorption optimization by reducing surface tension to match blood-plasma surface tension Dr. Michael Hyson and biochemist Steve Chemiske- Clustered water: A summary of the work of Dr. Lee Lorenzen. PacTech Life Systems, 15550-D Rockfield Blvd., Irvine, CA 92618, (more on the way- please call) .
During aging and toxification, the DNA's supportive matrix of water clusters can become comprimised- impeding the electrical potential, physical integrity, and energetic signaling capacity of DNA. This lack of hydration is one of the primary causes of "aging" or more precisely cellular degradation. Horowitz LG. Healing Celebrations: Miraculous Recoveries through Ancient Scripture, National Medicine and Modern Science. Tetrahedron Publishing Group, 2000.
The healthy brain responds in fractions second to the presence, quantity, and quality of water in the stomach. Dr. Fritz Popp studied how phonon-photon tranduction and piezoeletric interactions to regulate homeostasis. P.226-242 Resonator quality and superconduction of cells & Water as information store. - Bioresonance and multiresonanc therapy' (BRT) Hans Brugemann, ALDEN PRESS , OXFORD UK ISBN 2-8043-4010-4
Water is essential to life. 60% - 85% of the body mass of Warm
blooded mammals is water based. Distribution and retention of this
water is specific for each organ. The lungs have the highest water
content at 83%. Blood, muscles and kidneys share a matching 79 % water.
Brain and heart share a matching 73% water. Liver is 71 % H20. Skin is
64% H20. And skeleton is 31 % water. From Gerald Pollack’s work he has determined that
the body, numbers approximately 95% water on molecular number aspect. It is involved with all
cell organelles, and forms the hydrophilic back-bone to all intracellular and extracellular structures.
One major question being raised is whether the rate and quality
of absorption, processing, and elimination of water in the living bodys’
metabolic pathways is affected by “preconditioned” water that has been
filtered of toxins, and adjusted in ph, orp, Ionization, and “resonant
structure”? How is the bodys’ performance impeded or damaged by
dehydration and or bad quality water and or bad quality diet? Does an
acidic environment impede the immune system? Does it affect cancer
growth? How does ingestion of pollution free, ph-orp adjusted water help
repair damage and reestablish healthy homeostasis? During this
discourse we will present data from clinical studies as well as physics
experiments on subject performance in rate and quality of: homeostasis
blood pressure, body temperature, energy production, protein synthesis,
toxin-waste elimination, as well as immune response. In the end we
will conclude that the quality of conditioned and adjusted water has
significant benefits for health in the medical practice.
If we examine the path water takes through body from the
macroscopic to the microscopic and eventually to the nano-scopic, it
becomes obvious that as water travels inside the cell and even inside to
the nucleus it becomes nano scale in size with specific structure &
specific ph, orp, and ionization values. This means that the digestive
system must “condition” water during absorption and during the kidneys,
liver, and lymphatic filter-circulation. The brain and neurovascular-immune
-network responds to water content and conditions within seconds.
Dr. James Clegg, at the University of Miami, studied the
structuring of water in cells. He showed that all proteins and
chromosomes in cells have a layer of bound water coating them about 10
molecules thick. Given Clegg’s findings, when an enzyme (one of 4000)
reacts with a substrate, the only substance that actually touches the
substrate molecule is the energized water coating which transmits the
structure and triggering properties from the enzyme to the substrate.
Hydrogel formation involved in coating cell structures favors a slightly alkaline environment.
The double wall of the cell nucleus is designed to prevent
toxins from entering the nucleus and mutating DNA. Only
nano-size-structured water can penetrate through the double wall of the nucleus as a
nutrient and information carrier to DNA to change genevstates.(Smirnov 2002)
Structured water packs along the DNA back bone.
In order for the body to use water on the cellular level it must
be “conditioned” in the digestive track before it is absorbed and
becomes 90% blood plasma and travel through the kidneys. In fact the
water must be conditioned during absorption by the body to match the
blood’s surface tension of 42 dynes/cm as it becomes 90% of the bloodp
plasma. Structuring water lowers surface tension to at least 68 dynes/cm
vs distilled water at 72 dynes/cm. Dissolving power of structured water
at 68 dynes/cm is much greater. (Hyson, 2004) This enables structured
water to absorb and integrate into tissue more efficiently to detox or
build cell structures. This aids in digestion.
The question is how does the quality of water entering our
digestive tract affect the rate and quality of the “conditioning”
process in the digestive track and blood plasma. In particular how
does adjusting the ph, orp, and ionization of drinking water affect
biological processes and our health.
The process of digesting water and conditioning it to be
absorbed and transferred to blood plasma takes place in the stomach, and intestinal
track. Absorption begins in the stomach. Here the in the presence of
digestive enzymes conditions the water. After the water is broken down
in size and conditioned in ph, the lining absorbs water molecules in the
6 to nanocluster size. Once in the blood plasma the water goes through
adjustments in ph, orp and structure as it is filtered through the
kidneys (once ever 30-60 minutes), liver and lymphatic system. Most
certainly the ability of absorbing and processing water through the
cells’ hydrogel nano-structures is affected by its structrure, ph,
orp,quality.
We can see this in metabolic process of protein synthesis and
energy production. The rate at which the water molecules enter cell
nanostructures is affected by its structrure size resonance, ph, orp,
and ionization. (clinical data on the way ) Water is center stage in
the mechanics of metabolism: the reductive synthesis of proteins for
structure, and oxidative degradation of molecules for energy production
and waste flush. Water is a key ingredient in the body’s in metabolic
biochemical pathways and the cycle of converting glucose to CO2 + H20.
Efficiency and stability are features of metabolic pathways. Not
wasting energy and maintaining homeostasis are top on the list. To
achieve this, cellular metabolism is largely a circular process which is
close to, but never at chemical equilibrium and is partially reversible.
Metabolic homeostasis is achieved by a steady-state throughput
ofenergy and metabolites, including water! Note: water retention
mechanisms exist for a reason –HOMEOSTASIS- and that means abstaining
from water under stress free conditions can strengthen this mechanism.
Remember the body possesses partial superconducting properties and
mechanisms for homeostasis and for famine and dehydration survival.
For this reason there exists a partial reversibility of glucose to
co2+h20 energy for homeostasis in slow throughput mode. What is
interesting is that even though we may only consume 2000 calories, the
body on average uses 5000 calories of energy without being consumed!!
(Lt. Col. & Professor of Physics Thomas E. Bearden, U.S Army retired,
Free Energy Generation, 2006riei). Where does this extra energy come from
or manifest?
The energy flows in from the quantum vacuum of sub space which
exists between the highvoltage potentials of cells and mitochondrial
membranes. According to the research of Reilly, 1998,& Brown,1999 the
voltage between hydrogel living cell membranes can exceed 10,000
volts/mm and 40,000 volts/mm across the membranes of mitochondria.
These highly charged hydrogels conduct best in an alkaline water
context. Warm blooded mammals have partial supercoducting properties
along the hydrogel membrane of the mitochondria during glucose+water
metabolism. The phosphorylation of glucose in water requires ATP
hydrolysis to catalyze the reaction. The water surrounding the
nanostructrures of the mitochondria and other metabolic structures is
most definitely nanostructured with ionization bias. The flow of
ionizied nanostructured ph specific water is natural feature in the
process of metabolic hydration, dehydration, and dehydrogenation where
two types of hydrogens: one hydrogen with 2 electrons (hydride ion), or
1-2 hydrogens with no electrons reacts with nicotinamide NAD. The
efficiency of oxidative and reductive reactions for either building
molecules or flushing waste and toxins is affected by the quality of
water entering cell tissue.
The rate and quality of these processes is water dependent.
This is especially evident is high performance athletes. The living body
uses 4-8 liters a day; replenishes entire body water equivalent in 6-14
days.
Water is critical to homeostasis. Stable body temperature,
bloodpressure, acidity ph, energy production, protein synthesis, & waste
flush directly depends on water. It is important to keep in mind that
humans and other warm blooded animals are designed to maintain
homeostasis under so called healthy normal environmental conditions.
Adjusted water is great for ER situations and when the body is far from
homeostasis. However drinking water that is adjusted to far from this
norm for too long could affect homeostasis so caution is advised (it is
recommended to use extremely adjusted water on a temporary basis, to let
the body reestablish its natural homeostasis.)
Water is a critical part of the body’s acid-base homeostasis.
Studies performed by Koufman JA. and Johnston N. at the Voice Vnstitute of New
York show that alkaline ph 8.8 drinking water has benefits in the
treatment of acid reflux disease by the way it denatures pepsin so that
repair can begin. Alkaline ph 8.8 water also helps resets the body’s
acid-base homeostasis. Studies at the Department of Urology, Mansoura
University Egypt (Ther Apher Dial, 2009, June 13) demonstrate that
ionized alkaline water is beneficial in managing metabolic acidosis. In
dogs and rats it was shown that ionized alkaline water can reverse and
balance the effects of the accumulation of endogenous acids or loss of
bicarbonate from the gastrointestinal tract.)
Water is also a key ingredient in body temperature and blood pressure
regulation. The flow of energy through water has unique properties
under certain conditions that allow for temperature-energy-pressure
regulation as well as gene and immune regulation with in living cell
structures.
These properties relate to biological hydrogel
superconductivity. Superconductors have the unique ability to
efficiently exclude all electromagnetic and acoustic vibrations except
its own inherent frequency pattern. The fact that photon-phonon
interactions between living cells regulate enzyme activity and
physiology was demonstrated by Fritz Popp. Research performed by Bell
Labs, Lucent Technologies in the US, the European Synchrotron Radiation
Facility in France, and the National Research Council of Canada reveal
unique properties of the hydrogen and sigma-covalent bonds in
conditioned nano-clustered water. According to the National Institute of
Physics the hydrogen and sigma bonds of water can resonate in a way that
resembles a super conductor.
Water is central to the living bodys’ electronic properties
that allowtissue cells to function. The electronic properties of living tissue
include: 1.Magnetic inductance of electrical current in the rings and
coils of biological molecules, 2. Hydrogel membrane capacitance to hold
electrical charge and voltage, 3. Hydrogel membrane dielectric resonance
to capture and transmit energy, 4. Piezoelectric resonance to regulate
bone and tissue mass, 5. Isomer transistor ability to switch and direct
electrical current and metabolite flow, to name a few. O2 absorption by
hemoglobin is made possible the blood cells toroid shape and spiraled
arms for maximum energy conductivity, structural integrity. Three
nobel laureates (looking for name ref) in medicine revealed that 90%
function of DNA coil is as a holographic series induction circuit to
direct DNA transcription. Only 3% of the DNAs’ coils is used for
transcription & protein manufacture the rest is used to orchestrate the
event of transcription itself. The movements of the coils of the DNA
during transcription require a very specific type of structural
stability and flexibility. Hexagonal h20 molecules packed along the DNA’s
backbone provide this structural stability and flexibility.
In blood plasma, in cells, and in between cells, water in
conditioned to have paired electrons with zero net electronic spin for
super efficiency conduction of energy. Superconductors conduct
electricity by way of electron pairs with zero net spin. Apparently in
living tissues, electron transfer is preferable in pairs with zero net
spin. This is the case in redox reactions where electrons are
transferred from one molecule to the other in pairs. Paired electron
transport takes is central in the synthesis of ATP molecules in the
conjugate membranes of mitochondria . Andrei Mourachkine,
Room-Temperature Superconductivity. Due to the fact that living systems
chemical prefer to exchange energy charge with no net spin, the spin
ionization structure gradient condition of drinking water is obviously
better if it is closer to zero.
Paired electrons conduct through the hydrogel of living cells as
waves in a 4/9 resonate coupled state. This “liquid light” regulates the body’
s thermostat. The thermostat is hormonal controlled by the hypothalamus
and the nervous system where there exists a high amount of hydrogel that
is rich in paired electrons in the 4/9 resonate coupled state. This
system prefers an environment whose electrons have neutral spin in
slighty alkaline aqueous solution. This thermostat system is based on
resonant energy pulses within a hydrated environment to regulate energy
mechanisms & keep temperature constant.
This system regulates 4 states: 1.Steady state at rest at room
temperature with no perspiration, thirst, or water release. 2. During
exercise or in the presence of heat stimulating exothermic perspiration,
thirst, water release 3. At rest in the presence of heat stimulating
perspiration, and water retention. 4. At rest in the presence of cold
stimulating endothermic retention and in extreme cold exposure releasing
h20 from the body in urine to warm up.
Athletic training affects this mechanism by adding energy
reversibility from energy storage mechanisms built up during
stress-strain-rest-regeneration cycles. Fasting also increases
metabolic reversibility by stimulating release from fatty acid energy
storage. Metabolic energy and metabolite recycling as well as reaction
reversibility in the citric-acid cycle, fatty acid cycle, and urea cycle
involves properties of localized hydrogel superconductors and water
nanostructures.
As chemists we are used to thinking of electrons and protons
as particles with particle like properties. However, in the living body
paired electron flow and molecular +2 ion flow is definitely a wave
phenomena with exotic superconducting properties. One such amazing
property of paired charge flow is the ability to quantum tunnel through
tissue barriers where blood does not pass to maintain homeostasis. In
the case of body temperature, homeostasis is achieved in part because
paired charge flow has the ability to exclude all external energy
vibrations except for its own inherent frequency. This property
contributes to the body’s homeostasis as well as enzyme, gene immune
regulation across the board. The structured shapes of the molecules of
life, the basic building blocks are in the shapes of circles, folds and
coils depend on ionized structured water as a functional coating and a
chemical metabolite.
“The hydrogen bond is one of the most important bonds in
biology. In water, hydrogen bonds are the bonds between water molecules,
while the sigma bonds are the bonds within the water molecule. P113 The
sigma bond with in individual water molecules is much stronger than the
hydrogen bond and the shared electrons in a covalent sigma bond is not
particle like but wave like in nature. (each electron is shared by both
atoms simultaneously) Hydrogen bonds are electrostatic in nature. The
much weaker hydrogen bonds that exist between H2O molecules generate
transfer of electrons between the positively charged hydrogen atom and a
negatively charged Oxygen atom. “ How do hydrogen bonds obtain their
double identity? The answer lies with the electrons in the hydrogen
bonds. Electrons, like all other objects in nature, naturally seek their
lowest-energy state. To do this, they minimize their total energy, with
includes their energy of motion(i.e. kinetic energy). Lowering an
electron’s kinetic energy means reducing its velocity. A reduced
velocity also means a reduced momentum. And whenever and object reduces
its momentum, it must spread out in space, according to a quantum
mechanical principal known as the Heisenberg Uncertainty Pricinple. In
fact, this “delocalization” effect occurs for electrons in many other
situations, not just in hydrogen bonds. Delocalization plays an
important role in determining the behavior of superconductors and other
electrically conducting materials.”
“In water the electron waves at the sigma and hydrogen bond sites
overlap to a degree. This can make in between hydrogen bonds behave
like internal sigma bonds and vs-versa as the electron wave progresses
through the water. This implies that energized water can take on quantum
mechanical exotic properties. Self assembly of proteins in cell
structures relies heavily on h-bonds.” 115 “These water molecules balance the tensile and compressive aspects of
the DNA structure. The packing of water in DNA is critical in maintain
proper genetic structure and energy conduction. (Hyson,2004) Acoustic
and electromagnetic fields change the structure of water and this in
turn changes the shape of the DNA and alters related genetic expression.
DNA gains its power from pyramids of nano-structured water molecules
and hydrogen bonds. Superconducting fields exclude all em and
vibrational waves except its own inherent frequency. Specific expressor
or repressor genes can be activated by specific series coil induction
triggering. Dr. Franco Bistolfi, a bioelectronics expert, theorized that
intercellular communications occurs as a result of piezoelectric
interactions and photon-phonon transduction of em signals.”
Daily average consumption O2-6pounds, water-2pounds, food-4pounds,
(more to come with emphasis on clinical reference data )
If the ph of water is not relavento why does is have to be well above ph1? And why then would the brain have the ability to respond and differentiate betw
een quantity of water in the stomach and wether it is acidic, neutral, or alkaline WITHIN SECONDS to affect blood pressure, thrmostat hormone activity, metabolic direction, & psychological states.
(wind storm knocked out power in parts of Lakewood so using text) Reference for 20,000 Volt potential between cell membranes, 40,000 Volt potential across mitocodria surface- Reilly JP. Applied Bioelectricity: From Electral Stimulation to Electro pathology. NY:Springer. 1998; Brown G. The Energy of Life: The Science of What Makes Our Minds and Bodies Work,NY: The Free Press, 1999. Structured water and absorption optimization by reducing surface tension to match blood-plasma surface tension Dr. Michael Hyson and biochemist Steve Chemiske- Clustered water: A summary of the work of Dr. Lee Lorenzen. PacTech Life Systems, 15550-D Rockfield Blvd., Irvine, CA 92618, (more on the way- please call) .
During aging and toxification, the DNA's supportive matrix of water clusters can become comprimised- impeding the electrical potential, physical integrity, and energetic signaling capacity of DNA. This lack of hydration is one of the primary causes of "aging" or more precisely cellular degradation. Horowitz LG. Healing Celebrations: Miraculous Recoveries through Ancient Scripture, National Medicine and Modern Science. Tetrahedron Publishing Group, 2000.
The healthy brain responds in fractions second to the presence, quantity, and quality of water in the stomach. Dr. Fritz Popp studied how phonon-photon tranduction and piezoeletric interactions to regulate homeostasis. P.226-242 Resonator quality and superconduction of cells & Water as information store. - Bioresonance and multiresonanc therapy' (BRT) Hans Brugemann, ALDEN PRESS , OXFORD UK ISBN 2-8043-4010-4
The use of Electrolyzed Water: Results of Clinical and Experimental Investigations
The use of Electrolyzed Water: Results of Clinical and Experimental Investigations
Dennis T. (Tim) Crowe, DVM, Diplomate American College of Veterinary Surgeons, Emeritus
Charter Diplomate American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, Fellow American College of Critical Care Medicine.
Chief of Surgery and Critical Care, Regional Institute for Veterinary Emergencies and Referrals, Chattanooga, TN
Alkaline (pH 8.5 to 9.5) reduced (oxidative reduction potential - 350 to - 500 mv) and nanoclustered water (6 water molecules per cluster) made by a water ionizer (Enagic SD501, Osaka, Japan) with a carbon filter to remove chlorine and other harmful chemicals, was used clinically as the main water source to hydrate over 100 pet animals (80 dogs and 30cats) over the course of 6 months at a busy 24 hour 7 day a week emergency, critical care and speciality hospital in Chattanooga, TN. The water was also given to the owners for them to consume if they wished. Experience was recorded as positive in 98%.
Positive results recorded were: more energy, less lameness, better to normal and regular bowel activity, better sleep, decreases in skin redness and irritation, less blood in stools of those that had colitis, less regurgitation and vomiting of those that had it previously: decreased ALT, alkaline phosphotase, white blood cell count, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes.
Experimental studies that have been done on the water have also provided some positive evidence of its unique qualities in health reveal decreased inflammation, improved hydration, less erythrocyte Roulex formation, less erythrocyte sedimentation rate, less cancer cell growth as it suppresses tumor angiogenisis. .
These results suggest that Electrolyzed Reduced Water (ERW) is effective in decreasing inflammation, neoplastic growth secondary to the anti-inflamatory effect as well as a tumor anti-angiogenisis mechanism. Hydration seems also to be enhanced from the ingestion of the water.
Because of these positive investigative results the use of electrolyzed reduced water in pets is recommended. This recommendation is also supported because of the lack of a perceived placebo effects and metabolic rates are higher than humans, giving a more clinically rapid response to metabolic changes induced by ERW consumption.
Other research on the generated Electrolyzed Oxydized Water provides data that supports its use in wound care and disinfection and is also recommended clinically.
Dennis T. (Tim) Crowe, DVM, Diplomate American College of Veterinary Surgeons, Emeritus
Charter Diplomate American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, Fellow American College of Critical Care Medicine.
Chief of Surgery and Critical Care, Regional Institute for Veterinary Emergencies and Referrals, Chattanooga, TN
Alkaline (pH 8.5 to 9.5) reduced (oxidative reduction potential - 350 to - 500 mv) and nanoclustered water (6 water molecules per cluster) made by a water ionizer (Enagic SD501, Osaka, Japan) with a carbon filter to remove chlorine and other harmful chemicals, was used clinically as the main water source to hydrate over 100 pet animals (80 dogs and 30cats) over the course of 6 months at a busy 24 hour 7 day a week emergency, critical care and speciality hospital in Chattanooga, TN. The water was also given to the owners for them to consume if they wished. Experience was recorded as positive in 98%.
Positive results recorded were: more energy, less lameness, better to normal and regular bowel activity, better sleep, decreases in skin redness and irritation, less blood in stools of those that had colitis, less regurgitation and vomiting of those that had it previously: decreased ALT, alkaline phosphotase, white blood cell count, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes.
Experimental studies that have been done on the water have also provided some positive evidence of its unique qualities in health reveal decreased inflammation, improved hydration, less erythrocyte Roulex formation, less erythrocyte sedimentation rate, less cancer cell growth as it suppresses tumor angiogenisis. .
These results suggest that Electrolyzed Reduced Water (ERW) is effective in decreasing inflammation, neoplastic growth secondary to the anti-inflamatory effect as well as a tumor anti-angiogenisis mechanism. Hydration seems also to be enhanced from the ingestion of the water.
Because of these positive investigative results the use of electrolyzed reduced water in pets is recommended. This recommendation is also supported because of the lack of a perceived placebo effects and metabolic rates are higher than humans, giving a more clinically rapid response to metabolic changes induced by ERW consumption.
Other research on the generated Electrolyzed Oxydized Water provides data that supports its use in wound care and disinfection and is also recommended clinically.